{
  "id": "plan-and-solve-prompting",
  "code": "PTL-0031",
  "term": "Plan-and-Solve Prompting",
  "aliases": [
    "PS prompting",
    "PS+"
  ],
  "category": "reasoning",
  "definition": "Plan-and-solve prompting is a zero-shot method that instructs the model to first devise a plan dividing the task into subtasks and then carry out the plan step by step.",
  "description": "It targets missing-step and calculation errors seen in zero-shot chain-of-thought, with an extended version that asks the model to extract relevant variables and compute carefully.",
  "example": null,
  "broader": [
    "zero-shot-chain-of-thought"
  ],
  "narrower": [],
  "related": [
    "least-to-most-prompting"
  ],
  "introduced": 2023,
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "Plan-and-Solve Prompting: Improving Zero-Shot Chain-of-Thought Reasoning by Large Language Models",
      "authors": "Wang et al.",
      "year": 2023,
      "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.04091"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://protologue.com/t/plan-and-solve-prompting/",
  "citation": "Protologue. (2026). Plan-and-Solve Prompting. In Protologue: A Taxonomy of Prompting and LLM Techniques (v1.0.0, PTL-0031). https://protologue.com/t/plan-and-solve-prompting/"
}